Advice: Eczema

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Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)

Eczema basics

Eczema (also called atopic dermatitis) is a chronic skin condition with episodic “flares” that cause dry, red, and itchy skin.
It is very common (in fact, 1 in 10 kids have eczema at some point!) and often these flares will become less frequent as kids grow up.
Eczema is caused by problems with the skin barrier; children with eczema may be at higher risk of also having asthma, food allergies or seasonal allergies (but foods themselves do not cause or worsen eczema).
The goals of treating eczema are to hydrate the skin, control itching and redness when it occurs, eliminate aggravating factors, and prevent infections.
Despite your best efforts, eczema is going to come back. Goals of treatment are to control symptoms and make the skin healthier, not to 'cure' eczema

Treatment

Hydrate the skin

The goal is to restore the skin’s natural barrier and prevent eczema flares
When bathing (which can be every other day or daily), use lukewarm water and limit baths to under 10 minutes. Use a gentle, fragrance free soap/shampoo
After bathing, pat (don’t rub) the skin dry and apply moisturizer within a few minutes to help “seal” in the moisture
Good moisturizers include ointments (like vaseline) or moisturizing creams (like vanicream, eucerin, cerave, or lipikar), and these should be applied 2 to 3 times a day.

Control Itch and redness

If your child’s skin is flaring with patches of red/itchy skin, it may be helpful to apply a corticosteroid ointment or cream to the skin (such as hydrocortisone)
Your doctor may prescribe a higher strength corticosteroid medication; be sure to use this medication only as long as prescribed.
You may be referred to a skin specialist (Dermatologist) for additional treatment options if needed.
To prevent itching, make sure your child’s nails are cut short. Wear loose fitting, cotton clothing, and you can use cotton gloves at night if needed.

Eliminate triggers

Different kids may have different triggers (including humidity, dry air, sweating, friction, emotional stress, smoke exposure, or certain products like wool or bubble baths).
Try to identify your child’s triggers and limit them if possible.
Avoid fabric softeners or dryer sheets.
Use fragrance free cleansers/detergents and 100% cotton clothing when possible.

Prevent/Manage Infections

When to seek care

If symptoms are not improving after 1-2 weeks of treatment
If there is puss, yellow crusting/scabbing, or significantly worsening redness of the skin
If you are concerned
Eczema is a chronic condition and should be followed regularly by your Pediatrician

Additional Resrouces

Potomac Pediatrics will always be fully focused on helping your child and you to overcome any healthcare hurdle, with innovative, comprehensive and compassionate care.